Genetic Diversity Matters
History The honeybee originated in the Old World, where it diverged into more than two dozen recognized subspecies. Initial introduction of the honeybee (subspecies A. m. mellifera) to North America occurred in the 17th century and records indicate that another seven subspecies were introduced by 1922, when further importations were restricted. With the notable exception […]
Propolis: Honeybees Love It for Good Reason
Introduction A beekeeper with their hive tool in hand will often be wondering what the best way is to separate and lift frames that are not only sticking together but also sticking to their gloves, tools and ruining their clothes. It’s like a sticky piece of tape that you just can’t seem to get off […]
Is Moisture Normal…In a Hive?
Introduction Water plays a critical role in honeybee biology and overall health. Honeybees rely on water for various purposes, from maintaining their internal temperature to diluting food sources and supporting the growth of their brood. In regulating the internal temperature of the hive, honeybees use water to cool down the hive by using evaporative cooling […]
Honeybee Medicine Cabinet
Introduction The coevolutionary dependencies between pollinators and plants has enabled pollinators including honeybees to derive benefits from pollen and nectar but today they face challenges from declining natural flowering habitats and diverse floral (polyfloral) resources. They are also affected by increasing metabolic stressors, such as the exposure to plant protection products (agrochemicals), dietary limitation, monofloral diets, […]
Thermal Energy Efficiency and Honey Desiccation
Energy-Intensive Process Honey ripening or desiccation of nectar to produce honey by honeybees is an energy-intensive process, as it involves a change in the concentration of sugars in the nectar from typically 20 to 80% by vaporization and its modification by the secretion of enzymes. After collection from numerous flowers, sometimes at the considerable distance […]
